Table 2 Association of covariates and stroke risk.
From: Dietary zinc intake associated with stroke in American adults
Variables | OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 1.04 (1.03–1.06) | < 0.001 |
Sex, n (%) | ||
Male | 1 (reference) | |
Female | 1.1 (0.83–1.47) | 0.501 |
Race/ethnicity, n (%) | ||
Non-Hispanic White | 1 (reference) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 0.89 (0.63–1.26) | 0.498 |
Mexican American | 0.52 (0.3–0.92) | 0.023 |
Others | 0.71 (0.48–1.07) | 0.103 |
Marital status, n (%) | ||
Married or living with partner | 1 (reference) | |
Living alone | 1.65 (1.24–2.2) | 0.001 |
Education level (years), n (%) | ||
< High school | 1 (reference) | |
High school | 1.26 (0.76–2.09) | 0.372 |
> High school | 0.91 (0.55–1.5) | 0.7 |
Family income, n (%) | ||
Low | 1 (reference) | |
Medium | 0.92 (0.67–1.27) | 0.608 |
High | 0.52 (0.35–0.78) | 0.001 |
Smoking, n (%) | ||
Never | 1 (reference) | |
Current | 1.53 (1.11–2.12) | 0.01 |
Former | 1.65 (1.12–2.42) | 0.011 |
Calorie consumption (kcal/d), Mean ± SD | 1 (1–1) | 0.157 |
Body mass index (kg/m2), Mean ± SD | 0.98 (0.96–1) | 0.044 |
Hypertension, n (%) | ||
No | ||
Yes | 1.49 (0.97–2.29) | 0.071 |
Hypercholesteremia, n (%) | ||
No | ||
Yes | 1.7 (1.22–2.36) | 0.002 |
Coronary heart disease, n (%) | ||
No | ||
Yes | 3.46 (2.45–4.89) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes, n (%) | ||
No | ||
Yes | 1.58 (1.17–2.12) | 0.003 |
Antihypertensive drugs, n (%) | ||
No | ||
Yes | 2.42 (1.12–5.21) | 0.024 |
Preventive aspirin use, n (%) | ||
No | ||
Yes | 3.16 (2.26–4.42) | < 0.001 |
Lipid-lowing drugs, n (%) | ||
No | 1 (reference) | |
Yes | 2.05 (1.49–2.82) | < 0.001 |
Zinc intake (mg/d) | ||
No | 1 (reference) | |
Yes | 0.98 (0.95–1.01) | 0.117 |
