Table 4 The characteristics and ideal meta-parameters of all models developed in forecasting CCRSFm.
Main Deterministic Factors | GRU Model (1) | Bi-GRU Model (2) | 2GRU× Model (3) | Hybrid 2GRU×–WOA Model (4) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
NHN | 60 | 50 | 60 | 70 |
SAF | tanh | tanh | tanh-softsign | tanh-softsign |
P-rate | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
Optimization Algorithm | Adam | Adam | Adam | WOA |
Learning Rate | 4E-8 | 4E-8 | 3E-8 | 2E-8 |
Mini Batch Size | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
Initial Batch Size | 128 | 128 | 64 | 32 |
Convergence Time (s) | 48 | 24 | 28 | 33 |
TLP | 11,160 | 4101 | 5791 | 7806 |
