Table 1 Mortality % of Anopheles pharoensis immature aquatic stages caused by tested photosensitizers.
Target stage | Rose Bengal | Methylene blue | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conc. (ppm) (dist. water) | 24 h | 48 h | Conc. (ppm) | 24 h | 48 h | |
Larvae I | 3.0 | 100 ± 0a | 100 ± 0a | 2.4 | 100 ± 0a | 100 ± 0a |
2.5 | 90.66 ± 3.77a | 92.66 ± 7.71a | 2.0 | 80 ± 3.26b | 90.66 ± 1.88b | |
2.0 | 66.66 ± 4.98b | 72 ± 3.26b | 1.6 | 64 ± 3.26c | 74.66 ± 1.88c | |
1.5 | 44.66 ± 0.94c | 50.66 ± 1.88c | 1.2 | 50.66 ± 1.88d | 57.33 ± 1.88d | |
1.0 | 30.66 ± 1.88d | 37.33 ± 1.88d | 0.8 | 37.33 ± 1.88e | 45.33 ± 1.88e | |
0.5 | 18.66 ± 3.77e | 25.33 ± 3.77d | 0.4 | 25.33 ± 3.77f | 34.66 ± 1.88f | |
Control | 0f | 0e | Control | 0g | 0g | |
Larvae II | 3.0 | 92 ± 3.26a | 100 ± 0a | 2.4 | 100 ± 0a | 100 ± 0a |
2.5 | 80 ± 3.26b | 86.66 ± 1.88b | 2.0 | 77.33 ± 3.77b | 82.66 ± 4.98b | |
2.0 | 53.33 ± 1.88c | 61.33 ± 1.88c | 1.6 | 57.33 ± 1.88c | 65.33 ± 1.88c | |
1.5 | 40 ± 3.26d | 45.33 ± 1.88d | 1.2 | 44 ± 3.26d | 54.66 ± 1.88d | |
1.0 | 28 ± 3.26e | 33.33 ± 3.77e | 0.8 | 29.33 ± 1.88e | 36 ± 2.82e | |
0.5 | 14.66 ± 1.88f | 21.33 ± 1.88f | 0.4 | 18.66 ± 1.88f | 25.33 ± 1.88f | |
Control | 0g | 0g | Control | 0g | 0g | |
Larvae III | 3.5 | 73.33 ± 1.88a | 100 ± 0a | 3.0 | 92 ± 3.26a | 100 ± 0a |
3.0 | 54.66 ± 1.88b | 77.33 ± 1.88b | 2.5 | 72 ± 3.26b | 82.66 ± 4.98b | |
2.5 | 44 ± 3.26c | 67.33 ± 0.94c | 2.0 | 57.33 ± 1.88c | 64 ± 3.26c | |
2.0 | 30.66 ± 1.88d | 50.66 ± 1.88d | 1.5 | 37.33 ± 1.88d | 45.33 ± 1.88d | |
1.5 | 24 ± 3.26d | 33.33 ± 1.88e | 1.0 | 26.66 ± 1.88e | 34.66 ± 1.88e | |
1.0 | 16 ± 0e | 22.66 ± 1.88f | 0.5 | 17.33 ± 1.88f | 22.66 ± 1.88f | |
Control | 0f | 0g | Control | 0g | 0g | |
Larvae IV | 4.0 | 66.66 ± 1.88a | 100 ± 0a | 3.5 | 84 ± 3.26a | 100 ± 0a |
3.5 | 54.66 ± 3.77b | 80 ± 3.26b | 3.0 | 66.66 ± 1.88b | 73.33 ± 1.88b | |
3.0 | 44.66 ± 0.94c | 68 ± 3.26c | 2.5 | 57.33 ± 1.88c | 64 ± 3.26c | |
2.5 | 34.66 ± 1.88d | 49.33 ± 1.88d | 2.0 | 45.33 ± 1.88d | 50.66 ± 1.88d | |
2.0 | 24 ± 3.26e | 37.33 ± 1.88e | 1.5 | 30.66 ± 1.88e | 38.66 ± 1.88e | |
1.5 | 13.33 ± 1.88f | 21.33 ± 1.88f | 1.0 | 18.66 ± 1.88f | 25.33 ± 1.88f | |
Control | 0g | 0g | Control | 0g | 0g | |
Pupae | 4.5 | 64 ± 3.26a | 93.33 ± 1.88a | 4.0 | 77.33 ± 1.88a | 100 ± 0a |
4.0 | 54.66 ± 1.88b | 73.33 ± 1.88b | 3.5 | 62.66 ± 1.88b | 80 ± 3.26b | |
3.5 | 44.66 ± 0.94c | 62.66 ± 1.88c | 3.0 | 56 ± 2.82b | 61.33 ± 1.88c | |
3.0 | 30.66 ± 1.88d | 44 ± 3.26d | 2.5 | 37.33 ± 1.88c | 46.66 ± 1.88d | |
2.5 | 20 ± 3.26e | 30.66 ± 1.88e | 2.0 | 26.66 ± 1.88d | 33.33 ± 1.88e | |
2.0 | 10.66 ± 1.88f | 18.66 ± 1.88f | 1.5 | 16 ± 3.26e | 22.66 ± 3.77f | |
Control | 0g | 0g | Control | 0f | 0g | |