Fig. 1

General information and the quality of extracted DNA from 16 leech derived products. (a) The profiles of each leech derived product contain detailed information about its form (capsules, pills or tablets), pharmaceutical production sites and batch number. (b) A heatmap comparing two different extraction methods in leech derived products based on OD260/OD280 ratios. Each extraction method was repeated three times. The left part of the heatmap represents DNA quality obtained using Ezup Column Animal Genomic DNA Purification Kit, and the right part corresponds to DNA quality using the One-tube Universal Sample DNA Extraction Kit. The gradient bar represents a range of OD260/OD280 ratio values, with 1.0 indicating the lightest shade and 2.0 indicating the darkest shade, where higher values indicated better DNA quality. The abbreviations represent the names of leech products, detailed in Table 1.