Table 3 Work profile, occupational history, and consumption of different addictive components by brick kiln workers.
Work history | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Parameters | Control | Workers | ||
Income (PKR, USD, EURO) | n | Percentage | N | Percentage |
< 10,000; < 35.70; < 32.98 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 6.3 |
10,000–15,000; 35–53; 32–49 | 19 | 9.5 | 231 | 77 |
16,000–20,000; 57–71; 68 | 60 | 30 | 47 | 15.7 |
21,000–25,000; 74–89; 69- 82 | 51 | 25.5 | 3 | 1 |
26,000–30,000; 92–107; 85–98 | 21 | 10.5 | 0 | 0 |
31,000–35,000; 110–124; 102–115 | 49 | 24.5 | 0 | 0 |
Work type | ||||
Molder | 0 | 0 | 173 | 57.7 |
Carrier | 0 | 0 | 71 | 23.7 |
Bakers | 0 | 0 | 48 | 16 |
Munshi (Contractor) | 0 | 0 | 8 | 2.6 |
Job | 200 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
Year of living in the vicinity | ||||
1–10 | 5 | 2.5 | 0 | 0 |
11–20 | 8 | 4 | 15 | 5 |
21–30 | 54 | 27 | 96 | 32 |
31–40 | 47 | 23.5 | 84 | 28 |
41–50 | 21 | 10.5 | 56 | 18.7 |
51–60 | 51 | 25.5 | 29 | 9.7 |
60 + | 14 | 7 | 20 | 6.6 |
Work duration (years) | ||||
1–10 | NA | NA | 111 | 37 |
11–20 | NA | NA | 119 | 39.7 |
21–30 | NA | NA | 47 | 15.7 |
31–40 | NA | NA | 19 | 6.3 |
41–50 | NA | NA | 4 | 1.3 |
Exposure time (hours/day) | ||||
1–4 | NA | NA | 3 | 1 |
5–8 | NA | NA | 152 | 50.7 |
9–12 | NA | NA | 141 | 47 |
13–18 | NA | NA | 4 | 1.3 |
Exposure material | ||||
Smoke, Smog, Dust | NA | NA | 173 | 57.6 |
Smoke, Smog, Dust, Fuel | NA | NA | 127 | 42.4 |
Personal protective equipment | ||||
Gloves | NA | NA | 0 | 0 |
Mask | NA | NA | 0 | 0 |
Head covers | NA | NA | 0 | 0 |
Respirators | NA | NA | 0 | 0 |
Smoking status of brick kiln workers | ||||
Addiction | ||||
Yes | 50 | 25 | 161 | 53.7 |
No | 150 | 75 | 139 | 46.3 |
Addiction types | ||||
Cigarette | 38 | 19 | 49 | 16.4 |
Naswar (Smokeless tobacco product) | 7 | 3.5 | 83 | 27.7 |
Hookah (Tobacco along the Water pipe) | 5 | 2.5 | 27 | 9.3 |
Opium (Pellets) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.6 |
Age at starting addiction(years) | ||||
< 10 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
10–20 | 21 | 10.5 | 103 | 34.3 |
21–30 | 24 | 12 | 50 | 16.7 |
31–40 | 5 | 2.5 | 5 | 1.7 |
Age at starting addiction (average ± SEM) | 23.08 ± 0.8 | 19.87 ± 0.4 | ||
Daily intake | ||||
Cigarette (number) | ||||
1–10 | 24 | 12 | 37 | 12.4 |
10–20 | 11 | 5.5 | 10 | 3.4 |
20 + | 3 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.6 |
Naswar (Smokeless tobacco product; packets) | ||||
1/4th | 1 | 0.5 | 16 | 5.4 |
Half | 2 | 1 | 33 | 11 |
1 | 4 | 2 | 34 | 11.3 |
Hookah (Tobacco pipe; Water pipe) | ||||
1–5 times | 1 | 0.5 | 8 | 2.7 |
6–10 times | 4 | 2 | 19 | 6.3 |
Opium (pellets) | ||||
1–2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.6 |
