Table 5 Classification performance of CNN, SVM, Random Forest, and Ensemble model (CNN + SVM + RF) using 5-fold cross-validation (mean ± standard deviation).
Model | Accuracy (%) | Precision | Recall | F1-Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|
CNN | 63.3 ± 1.2 | 0.65 ± 0.01 | 0.61 ± 0.02 | 0.63 ± 0.02 |
SVM | 94.1 ± 0.7 | 0.91 ± 0.01 | 0.92 ± 0.01 | 0.91 ± 0.01 |
Random Forest | 93.9 ± 0.8 | 0.94 ± 0.01 | 0.94 ± 0.01 | 0.94 ± 0.01 |
Ensemble (CNN + SVM + RF) | 95.4 ± 0.5 | 0.95 ± 0.01 | 0.95 ± 0.01 | 0.95 ± 0.01 |
