Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population in NHANES 2003–2018.

From: Association between oxidative stress and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in the US population

Characteristic

Overall

Without MAFLD

MAFLD

P valueb

N = 9881

N = 6770

N = 3111

Age

45.68 (16.75)

43.85 (16.81)

49.86 (15.85)

 < 0.001

Gender

   

 < 0.001

Female

4760 (48%)

3477 (52%)

1283 (39%)

 

Male

5121 (52%)

3293 (48%)

1828 (61%)

 

Race

   

 < 0.001

 Non-hispanic white

4256 (69%)

2912 (69%)

1344 (69%)

 

 Non-hispanic black

1964 (10%)

1573 (11%)

391 (6%)

 

 Hispanic

2493 (14%)

1386 (11%)

1107 (19%)

 

 Other race

1168 (7%)

899 (8%)

269 (6%)

 

Physical activities, (%)

   

 < 0.001

 No

1773 (17%)

1132 (15%)

641 (20%)

 

 Yes

8108 (83%)

5638 (85%)

2470 (80%)

 

HDL

54.53 (16.13)

58.22 (16.35)

46.14 (11.95)

 < 0.001

LDL

113.75 (34.75)

112.82 (34.53)

115.90 (35.19)

0.001

HbA1c

5.58 (0.87)

5.41 (0.63)

5.95 (1.17)

 < 0.001

METS-IR

42.33 (12.23)

37.16 (8.31)

54.10 (11.57)

 < 0.001

HOMA-IR

3.44 (5.61)

1.90 (1.05)

6.94 (9.11)

 < 0.001

Lymphocyte

2.01 (0.96)

1.96 (1.05)

2.13 (0.70)

 < 0.001

Neutrophils

3.89 (1.53)

3.67 (1.46)

4.38 (1.58)

 < 0.001

NPAR

0.92 (0.38)

0.86 (0.36)

1.06 (0.41)

 < 0.001

Total cholesterol

191.76 (40.60)

190.77 (40.27)

194.02 (41.24)

0.015

TG

125.04 (106.12)

102.95 (82.20)

175.31 (133.70)

 < 0.001

Hyperlipidemia

   

 < 0.001

 No

1304 (38%)

1093 (50%)

211 (17%)

 

 Yes

2466 (62%)

1248 (50%)

1218 (83%)

 

Hypertension

   

 < 0.001

 No

5811 (64%)

4506 (73%)

1305 (43%)

 

 Yes

3863 (36%)

2121 (27%)

1742 (57%)

 

Obesity

   

 < 0.001

 No

3090 (32%)

2993 (44%)

97 (3%)

 

 Yes

6791 (68%)

3777 (56%)

3014 (97%)

 

Diabetic

   

 < 0.001

 No

8321 (88%)

6225 (95%)

2096 (73%)

 

 Yes

1546 (12%)

535 (5%)

1011 (27%)

 

OBS

21.12 (6.41)

21.60 (6.39)

20.03 (6.33)

 < 0.001

OBS category

   

 < 0.001

 Q1

2544 (22%)

1601 (20%)

943 (27%)

 

 Q2

2835 (28%)

1885 (27%)

950 (30%)

 

 Q3

2342 (25%)

1651 (26%)

691 (24%)

 

 Q4

2160 (24%)

1633 (27%)

527 (19%)

 

lifestyle OBS category

   

 < 0.001

 Q1

2836 (28%)

1559 (23%)

1277 (42%)

 

 Q2

2167 (22%)

1359 (20%)

808 (25%)

 

 Q3

2712 (28%)

1900 (29%)

812 (27%)

 

 Q4

2166 (22%)

1952 (28%)

214 (6%)

 

Dietary OBS category

   

0.007

 Q1

2647 (23%)

1733 (22%)

914 (25%)

 

 Q2

2421 (24%)

1640 (23%)

781 (25%)

 

 Q3

2439 (27%)

1690 (27%)

749 (26%)

 

 Q4

2374 (26%)

1707 (28%)

667 (24%)

 
  1. aMean (SD); n (unweighted) (%)
  2. bDesign-based Kruskal Wallis test; Pearson’s X2: Rao & Scott adjustment
  3. OBS: Q1: (3, 15] ; Q2:(15, 20]; Q3: (20, 26]; Q4: (26, 36];
  4. LOBS: Q1: (0, 4]; Q2: (4, 5]; Q3: (5, 6]; Q4: (6, 7];
  5. DOBS: Q1: (1, 9] ; Q2: (10, 14]; Q3: (15, 19]; Q4: (20, 28]
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