Table 1 Clinical characteristics of participants by tertiles of the TyG index. BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c; TyG index, triglyceride–glucose index; ACEi/ARB, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blockers; CCB, calcium channel blockers; SGLT-2I, sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors; DPP-4I, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; GLP-1RA, glucagon like peptide-1receptor agonist.

From: Association of the triglyceride‒glucose index with subclinical right ventricular systolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Variables

T1

(TyG index ≤ 9.1495)

n = 52

T2

(9.1495 < TyG index ≤ 9.7611)

n = 54

T3

(TyG index > 9.7611)

n = 52

p value

Clinical characteristics

    

Age (years)

53.17 ± 7.90

54.85 ± 7.39

58.02 ± 8.79bc

0.009

Male, n (%)

28(53.85)

32(61.54)

25(48.08)

0.514

BMI, kg/m2

23.10 ± 1.41

24.21 ± 2.22a

25.18 ± 1.93bc

< 0.001

SBP (mm/Hg)

125.33 ± 9.79

129.83 ± 11.92a

135.23 ± 11.45bc

< 0.001

DBP (mm/Hg)

78.27 ± 7.45

81.09 ± 7.31

83.90 ± 7.32b

0.001

TC (mmol/L)

3.76 ± 0.92

4.31 ± 0.76 a

4.74 ± 0.81 bc

< 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

1.02 ± 0.26

1.58 ± 0.28a

2.68 ± 0.63bc

< 0.001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.18 ± 0.33

1.10 ± 0.20

1.06 ± 0.18b

0.042

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.10 ± 0.65

2.36 ± 0.50a

2.82 ± 0.65bc

< 0.001

FPG, mmol/L

7.96 ± 1.37

10.23 ± 1.83a

13.75 ± 0.2.85bc

< 0.001

HbA1c (%)

8.17 ± 1.65

8.99 ± 2.07a

10.14 ± 2.27bc

< 0.001

TyG index

8.73 ± 0.28

9.44 ± 0.20a

10.24 ± 0.36bc

< 0.001

Diabetes duration, years

9.98 ± 2.87

10.37 ± 3.04

11.08 ± 2.76

0.150

Comorbidities, n (%)

    

Hypertension, n (%)

19(36.54)

26(48.15)

32(61.54)b

0.038

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

18(34.62)

20(37.04)

29(55.78)b

0.040

Medications

    

ACEi/ARB [n (%)]

9 (17.31)

13 (24.07)

15 (28.85)

0.377

CCB [n (%)]

6 (11.54)

6 (11.11)

10 (19.23)

0.401

Diuretics, [n (%)]

3 (5.77)

5 (9.26)

7 (13.46)

0.407

β-blocker, [n (%)]

6 (11.54)

7 (12.96)

14 (26.92)

0.070

Statins, [n (%)]

12 (23.08)

14 (25.93)

20 (38.46)

0.184

Insulin, n (%)

27 (51.92)

30 (55.56)

33 (63.46)

0.478

SGLT-2I, n (%)

30 (57.69)

34 (62.96)

35 (67.31)

0.597

DPP-4I, n (%)

14 (26.92)

13 (24.07)

16 (30.77)

0.740

GLP-1RA, n (%)

12 (28.85)

16 (29.63)

17 (32.67)

0.540

Metformin, n (%)

28 (53.85)

29 (53.70)

32 (61.54)

0.652

Sulfonylureas, n (%)

9 (17.31)

10 (18.52)

12 (23.08)

0.736

Thiazolidine

5 (9.62)

7 (12.96)

8 (15.38)

0.674

  1. aP<0.05 between the 1st tertile and 2nd tertile bP<0.05 between the 1st tertile and 3rd tertile c P<0.05 between the 2nd tertile and 3rd tertile.
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