Table 2 Explanation of key variables used in the fuzzy logic evaluation.

Student academic achievement

Prior performance in PE-related academic tasks, such as fitness theory tests, participation grades, and evaluations in physical activities.

Physiological characteristics

Measurable physical traits like endurance, flexibility, body mass index (BMI), cardiovascular health, and muscular strength affect exercise ability.

Fitness levels

Overall physical condition assessed through running speed, strength, stamina, and flexibility tests.

Recovery rates

The speed at which students return to baseline physical condition after exertion guides the intensity and frequency of PE activities.

Injury history

Record of past injuries (e.g., sprains, fractures) that influence training adaptations to ensure safe participation and recovery.

Physical education session duration

The length of time allocated to each PE session determines the training volume and intensity students can safely handle.