Fig. 2

Validation of prognostic PCD gene signature. (A) Final PCD-related gene signature encompassing CLTCL1, FADS2, and PLEKHF1 expression levels, demonstrating significant predictive value. HR > 1 indicates risk-associated genes, while HR < 1 indicates protective genes. (B) Internal validation using the TARGET-OS dataset showing survival rate differences between high and low Cell Death Index (CDI) groups. (C) Prognostic performance of CDI with Area Under the Curve (AUC) values at 1, 3, and 5 years (TARGET-OS). (D) Distribution of CDI scores and expression heatmap of PCD prognostic model genes for all TARGET-OS patients. (E) Calibration curves for 1, 3, and 5 years in internal validation (TARGET-OS). (F) External validation using the GSE21257 dataset confirmed survival rate differences in the high CDI group. (G) Consistent predictive performance of CDI with AUC values at 1, 3, and 5 years in external validation (GSE21257). (H) Distribution of CDI scores and expression heatmap of PCD prognostic model genes for all GSE21257-OS patients. (I) Calibration curves for 1, 3, and 5 years in external validation (GSE21257).