Table 6 Determination and comparison of the mean score of self-management and its dimensions in diabetic patients in the intervention and control groups at baseline and immediately, and six weeks after the intervention.

Glucose Management

Baseline

7.86

2.76

8.06

2.42

t = 0.303, df = 57

P = 0.763

Immediately after intervention

12.68

1.19

8.63

2.03

u = 35.5

P < 0.001

Six weeks after the intervention

15.44

0.98

8.36

1.97

u = 0.5

P < 0.001

Results^**

χ2 = 55.53, df = 2

P < 0.001

χ2 = 8.85, df = 2

P = 0.12

Dietary Control

Baseline

5.62

1.1647

5.86

1.22

u = 392

P = 0.502

Immediately after intervention

7.44

0.94

5.8

1.15

u = 127.5

P < 0.001

Six weeks after the intervention

8.55

1.02

5.7

1.17

u = 31

P < 0.001

Results^**

χ2 = 43.54, df = 2

P < 0.001

χ2 = 1.35, df = 2

P = 0.508

Physical Activity

Baseline

3.82

1.94

4.06

1.52

t = 0.525, df = 57

P = 0.601

Immediately after intervention

5.62

0.9

4.13

1.25

u = 159.5

P < 0.001

Six weeks after the intervention

6.545

1.08

4.16

1.45

u = 83

P < 0.001

Results^**

χ2 = 40.92, df = 2

P < 0.001

χ2 = 0.14, df = 2

P = 0.933

Health-Care Use

Baseline

4.41

1.4

4.96

1.32

u = 330.5

P = 0.103

Immediately after intervention

5.17

1

5.06

1.41

u = 421.5

P = 0.833

Six weeks after the intervention

5.82

1.25

5.08

1.57

u = 314

P = 0.06

Results^**

χ2 = 26.69, df = 2

P < 0.12001

χ2 = 1.51, df = 2

P = 0.47

Sum Scale

Baseline

21.72

5.36

22.96

3.65

t = 1.03, df = 57

P = 0.305, Cohen’s d: −0.27 (−0.72 to 0.28)

Immediately after intervention

30.93

2.2

23.63

2.95

t=−10.72, df = 57

P < 0.001, Cohen’s d: 2.79 (2.06 to 3.51)

Six weeks after the intervention

36.37

2.39

23.26

3.11

t=−18.06, df = 57

P < 0.001, Cohen’s d: 4.70 (3.69 to 5.70)

Results^**

F = 180.32, df = 2

P < 0.001, ηp² = 0.86 (0.80 to 0.90)

F = 0.96, df = 2

P = 0.363, ηp² = 0.032 (0.000 to 0.107)