Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study participants.

From: D-serine and D-alanine supplementation protects against chronic kidney disease

Characteristic

Healthy controls

All patients with CKD (n = 14)

p-value

Patients with CKD

Patients with DKD

N

12

7

7

 

Sex (male, %)

100

42.9

85.7

 

Age (years)

33.5 ± 13.5

61.1 ± 14.9

62.7 ± 12.6

< 0.001

Height (cm)

171.0 ± 4.1

160.0 ± 10.5

161.6 ± 6.3

0.003

Weight (kg)

63.2 ± 7.8

63.5 ± 16.7

66.1 ± 14.4

0.882

Body mass index (kg/m2)

21.6 ± 2.4

24.7 ± 4.4

25.3 ± 5.7

0.113

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.9 ± 0.1

2.7 ± 0.7

3.0 ± 1.5

0.017

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

81.7 ± 14.6

17.2 ± 4.3

21.3 ± 9.3

< 0.001

Coronary artery disease (%)

0

0

0

 

Stroke (%)

0

14

0

 

Smoking habit (%)

8

100

71

 

RAAS inhibitors use (%)

0

43

86

 

SGLT2 inhibitors use (%)

0

0

0

 

MRA use (%)

0

29

0

 
  1. Values are presented as means ± standard deviations or %.
  2. CKD chronic kidney disease, DKD diabetic kidney disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, RAAS Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, SGLT Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2, MRA Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.
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