Table 1 Mechanical properties of overlying rock strata on the working face.

From: The evolution law of mining stress concentration effect and mining pressure manifestation mechanism under different pushing methods in valley landforms

Rock layer name

Thickness/m

Unit weight/kg·m3

Bulk modulus/GPa

Shear modulus/GPa

Cohesion/MPa

Tension

/MPa

Friction

/°

Aeolian sand

80

1200

0.72

0.63

0.06

 

10

Loess layer

40

1500

0.52

0.41

0.05

 

14

Red soil

8.0

1750

1.12

1.23

0.67

0.03

13

Coarse sandstone

8.4

2336

6.48

5.72

3.22

1.6

35

Coal

10.58

1740

1.48

1.34

1.72

1.13

28

Mudstone

20

2392

3.6

2.66

1.42

1.03

28.96

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