Table 1 Published effects of VPA on mTOR activity (or autophagy).

From: Valproate independently activates Snf1, inhibits TORC1, and induces repression of INO1 transcription by increasing nuclear localization of Opi1

Research model

Tested/findings

References

VPA inhibits mTOR (or activates autophagy)

Human placenta-derived cells

mTOR

63

Pancreatic cancer cell lines

mTOR and autophagy

66

Lymphoma cell lines

mTOR and autophagy

67

Glioma cell lines

mTOR and autophagy

68

Glioma cell line

autophagy

69

Thyroid carcinoma tissue samples and cell lines

autophagy

70

Mouse glioblastoma cell line

autophagy

71

Mouse renal fibrosis model

autophagy

72

Pancreatic cancer-derived cells

autophagy

73

Gastric cancer cells

autophagy

74

Multiple myeloma cell line

autophagy

75

VPA activates mTOR (or inhibits autophagy)

Mouse myogenic cells

mTOR

76

Mouse myoblast cell line

mTOR

77

Rat cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus

mTOR and autophagy

78

Mouse hippocampus

mTOR

51

Rat spinal cord

autophagy

79

  1. Results from different research articles arranged into two groups showing VPA either inhibits mTOR (or increases autophagy) or activates mTOR (or reduces autophagy). The specific findings and model organisms used in the study are shown in their own columns.
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