Fig. 5
From: Advancements in noise reduction for wheel speed sensing using enhanced LSTM models
Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) Analysis of the Noise-Free Automotive Wheel Speed Sensor Signal. Illustrates how, in the absence of external interference, VMD and HHT decompose the sensor reading into distinct frequency components, confirming stable rotational features and validating the baseline waveform.
