Table 2 Midodrine prescription and risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events.

From: Midodrine and clinical outcomes in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

 

Total cohort

Propensity matched cohort

Univariate

Multivariate

Univariate

Multivariate

HR (95% CI)

P

HR (95% CI)

P

HR (95% CI)

P

HR (95% CI)

P

All-cause mortality

 Ref: No prescription

  Midodrine group

1.37 (1.32–1.41)

< 0.001

1.16 (1.12–1.21)

< 0.001

1.15 (1.11–1.20)

< 0.001

1.16 (1.12–1.21)

< 0.001

Cardiovascular events

 Ref: no prescription

  Midodrine group

1.08 (1.01–1.15)

0.017

0.98 (0.92–1.05)

0.552

0.99 (0.92–1.06)

0.669

0.99 (0.92–1.06)

0.788

All-cause mortality

 Ref: no prescription

  Low group

1.20 (1.13–1.27)

< 0.001

1.04 (0.98–1.11)

0.170

1.01 (0.95–1.07)

0.831

0.99 (0.93–1.05)

0.737

  High group

1.46 (1.40–1.52)

< 0.001

1.23 (1.18–1.28)

< 0.001

1.23 (1.18–1.29)

< 0.001

1.27 (1.21–1.33)

< 0.001

 Ref: Low group

  High group

1.22 (1.14–1.31)

< 0.001

1.18 (1.10–1.27)

< 0.001

1.22 (1.14–1.31)

< 0.001

1.28 (1.19–1.38)

< 0.001

Cardiovascular events

 Ref: No prescription

  Low group

1.04 (0.94–1.15)

0.467

0.95 (0.86–1.05)

0.304

0.95 (0.85–1.05)

0.313

0.92 (0.83–1.02)

0.120

  High group

1.10 (1.02–1.19)

0.012

1.00 (0.93–1.08)

0.986

1.01 (0.93–1.09)

0.857

1.04 (0.95–1.12)

0.409

 Ref: Low group

  High group

1.06 (0.94–1.20)

0.347

1.06 (0.93–1.20)

0.395

1.06 (0.94–1.21)

0.331

1.13 (0.99–1.28)

0.064

  1. Multivariate analysis was adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, underlying cause of end-stage kidney disease, vascular access type, hemodialysis vintage, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, ultrafiltration volume, Kt/Vurea, hemoglobin, serum albumin, serum creatinine, serum phosphorus, serum calcium, the use of antihypertensive drugs, statin, clopidogrel, or aspirin, the presence of myocardial infarction or congestive heart failure, or peripheral vascular disease, and was performed using enter mode. Multivariate analysis for propensity matched cohort was adjusted for body mass index, underlying disease of end-stage kidney disease, and use of antihypertensive drugs.
  2. CI confidence interval; High, patients with prescription of midodrine ≥ 30 pills; HR hazard ratio; Low, patients with prescription of midodrine < 30 pills.
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