Table 11 Estimation results.

From: The impact of circular economy initiatives on urban air quality in the United States

Independent variable

Dependent variable: PM10

Dependent variable: NOx

Dependent variable: CO2

Circular economy

− 0.003***

− 0.007***

− 0.004***

(0.001)

(0.003)

(0.001)

Income per capita

0.138***

0.150**

0.111***

(0.024)

(0.071)

(0.021)

Income per capita square

− 0.078***

− 0.013*

− 0.067***

(0.012)

(0.006)

(0.011)

Population density

0.129**

0.116*

0.181*

(0.051)

(0.059)

(0.090)

  1. The symbols *** and ** represent statistical significance at the 1% and 5% levels, respectively. The numbers in parentheses indicate the standard deviations associated with each coefficient.
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