Fig. 7
Spatially correlated CPOL and SRAF microscopy imaging of SN1, 2 and 4 calcifications associated with BBD and DCIS. Nanolayered cortices at all scales within calcifications are composed of 100’s nm- to 1 μm-scale non-birefringent ACP spherules that have coalesced. (a and b) SN1 calcifications in BBD biopsy MCT006. Individual small SN1 deposits is composed of an inner core with a thin outer concentrically nanolayered cortex. These cortices coalesce to form the larger SN1 calcifications. (b and c) SN2 calcifications in DCIS biopsy MCT002. Small irregular intergrown nodules forming the cores, which have been encrusted by a cortex of high frequency concentric nano layering. (e and f) SN4 calcification in DCIS biopsy MCT002 that exhibits radial fracturing caused crushing during sectioning to form a rosette morphology29. The whole SN4 calcification is composed of ACP fabric preserving (mimetic) replacement of necrotic cells and comedo necrosis. TPMT = transmitted light photomultiplier tube. CPOL = circular polarization. SRAF = super resolution autofluorescence. ESEM = environmental scanning electron microscopy. ACP = amorphous calcium phosphate and amorphous calcium phosphate transforming toward hydroxyapatite. SN = spheroidal nodules. HS = histology section. H&E = hematoxylin and eosin. DCIS = ductal carcinoma in situ.
