Table 8 Statistics of the predicted values and relative errors for combined models.

From: Prediction of the corrosion rates of subsea pipelines via KPCA

Sample Number

Real Value

KPCA-NGO-LSSVM

NGO-LSSVM

KPCA-PSO-LSSVM

PSO-LSSVM

Projected Value/

(mm.a−1)

Relative Error/

(%)

Projected Value/

(mm.a−1)

Relative

Error/

(%)

Projected Value/

(mm.a−1)

Relative Error/

(%)

Projected Value/

(mm.a−1)

Relative Error/

(%)

1

2.6183

2.6957

2.96

2.6957

2.95

2.6995

3.10

2.7235

4.02

2

2.5523

2.6747

4.80

2.6825

5.10

2.6844

5.18

2.6444

3.61

3

2.6956

2.7079

0.46

2.7073

0.43

2.8125

4.34

2.7925

3.59

4

2.6285

2.6944

2.51

2.6916

2.40

2.6951

2.53

2.7451

4.44

5

2.6872

2.6994

0.45

2.7552

2.53

2.7063

0.71

2.6963

0.34

6

2.6945

2.6926

0.07

2.6697

0.92

2.5931

3.76

2.6231

2.65

7

2.7175

2.6831

1.27

2.6356

3.01

2.6245

3.42

2.5245

7.10

8

2.6074

2.6941

3.32

2.6956

3.38

2.6988

3.51

2.7588

5.81

9

2.6924

2.6952

0.10

2.7641

2.66

2.5978

3.51

2.5478

5.37

10

2.6647

2.7191

2.04

2.7046

1.50

2.5203

5.42

2.5116

5.75

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