Table 5 Cost comparison of VR, traditional simulators, and hybrid Models.

From: Innovating medical education using a cost effective and scalable VR platform with AI-Driven haptics

Model Type

Initial Cost

Maintenance Cost

Scalability

Long-Term Cost Efficiency

VR Platform Only15

High

Moderate

High

Moderate to High

Physical Simulator Only16

High

High

Low

Low

Hybrid (VR + Physical)17

Moderate

Moderate

Moderate

High

Clinical Placements18

Variable

High (logistics)

Low

Low