Table 6 List of symbols and parameter definitions Used.
From: Innovating medical education using a cost effective and scalable VR platform with AI-Driven haptics
Symbol | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|
\(\:F\left(t\right)\) | Output haptic force at time \(\:t\) | Newton (N) |
\(\:k\) | Stiffness coefficient of simulated tissue | N/m |
\(\:x\left(t\right)\) | Displacement from the neutral position at time \(\:t\) | meter (m) |
c | Damping coefficient (resistance to movement) | Ns/m |
\(\:\frac{dx\left(t\right)}{dt}\) | Velocity of tool or instrument at time \(\:t\) | m/s |
\(\:{T}_{c}\) | Time taken to complete a clinical task | seconds (s) |
\(\:{A}_{p}\) | Procedural accuracy score computed in VR environment | percentage (%) |
\(\:{E}_{r}\) | Error rate recorded during simulation | percentage (%) |
\(\:{R}_{s}\) | Retention score measured after a training gap | percentage (%) |
