Table 4 Differentially abundant major* bacterial phyla, genera, and KEGG pathways by ciliate fractions analyzed using MaAsLin2 (p ≤ 0.05).

Phyla

Pseudomonadota

TB

3.78^A

0.16^C

1.30^B

0.19

Verrucomicrobiota

1.61^A

0.02^C

0.97^B

2.43

Fibrobacterota

0.77^A

0^B

0.38^B

0.12

Bacteroidota

EAB

34.57^B

51.99^A

36.24^B

0.12

Cyanobacteria

0.64^C

1.85^A

1.59^B

0.27

Bacillota

IAB

0.76^B

45.66^B

53.77^A

2.41

Spirochaetota

0.75^B

0.27^B

2.44^A

0.12

Elusimicrobiota

0.74^B

0.03^B

2.25^A

0.38

Planctomycetota

0.73^A

0^B

1.00^A

0.18

Genera

Christensenellaceae R-7 group

TB

6.28^A

4.33^B

2.34^B

0.47

Succiniclasticum

6.19^A

0.02^C

1.06^B

0.23

Muribaculaceae

4.80^A

2.60^B

2.99^B

0.53

Moryella

1.49^A

0^B

0^B

0.04

Ruminococcaceae CAG-352

1.37^A

0^B

0^B

0.05

Succinivibrio

1.11^A

0^B

0.11^B

0.12

Pedosphaeraceae DEV114

0.85^A

0^C

0.48^B

0.06

Prevotellaceae UCG-001

0.70^A

0.02^B

0.10^B

0.08

Anaerovoracaceae Family XIII AD3011 group

0.60^A

0.03^B

0.06^B

0.06

[Eubacterium] ruminantium group

0.58^A

0^B

0.06^B

0.07

Veillonellaceae UCG-001

0.43^A

0^B

0^B

0.06

Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group

EAB

13.55^C

40.38^A

21.49^B

1.90

[Oscillospirales] UCG-010

1.65^B

12.86^A

0.96^B

1.09

Prevotellaceae UCG-004

0.92^B

2.67^A

0.83^B

0.19

Butyrivibrio

IAB

1.90^B

0.04^C

6.15^A

0.76

Saccharofermentans

0.94^B

0^C

5.02^A

0.60

Lachnoclostridium

0^B

0^B

1.54^A

0.19

Lachnospiraceae XPB1014 group

0.63^B

0^C

3.71^A

0.37

[Spirochaetota] MVP-15

0.53^B

0.01^C

1.18^A

0.11

Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group

0.35^B

0.01^B

1.15^A

0.20

ko05132

TB

3.93^A

2.64^B

0.10^B

0.96

Salmonella infection

ko00630

1.22^A

0.43^B

0^B

6.39

Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism

ko05143

EAB

1.71^B

3.81^A

1.14^B

0.12

African trypanosomiasis

ko03010

2.97^B

3.67^A

3.28^B

3.25

Ribosome

ko00780

2.80^C

3.62^A

3.11^B

0.13

Biotin metabolism

ko04978

2.54^B

2.94^A

1.19^B

0.22

Mineral absorption

ko01502

2.20^B

2.83^A

2.51^B

2.58

Vancomycin resistance

ko03440

2.25^B

2.74^A

2.45^B

2.43

Homologous recombination

ko00020

1.67^B

2.46^A

1.86^B

2.40

Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)

ko04122

1.43^B

1.77^A

1.57^B

1.60

Sulfur relay system

ko00450

1.54^B

1.91^A

1.76^B

1.72

Selenocompound metabolism

ko03018

1.30^B

1.62^A

1.44^B

1.45

RNA degradation

ko00190

0.79^B

1.08^A

0.90^B

1.03

Oxidative phosphorylation

ko04141

0.10^B

0.13^A

0.11^B

0.13

Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum

ko01040

0.05^B

0.08^A

0.06^B

0.32

Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids

ko03450

0.04^B

0.07^A

0.02^B

0.18

Non-homologous end-joining

ko00040

IAB

0.68^B

0.16^C

0.84^A

2.83

Pentose and glucuronate interconversions