Table 2 Performance indices for Case-II, Scenario-I in absence of RESs.
From: Enhanced load frequency regulation in microgrids with renewable energy sources and electric vehicles
Controller | ISE×\(\:{10}^{-6}\) | OSH×\(\:{10}^{-5}\) | USH | Settling time | Load (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PDN-PI | 12.957 | 187.227 | -0.0119 | 2.28 | 5 |
PID-PID | 14.043 | 103.352 | -0.0126 | 1.48 | |
FPID | 54.868 | 78.121 | -0.0162 | 3.2 | |
PI-FPID | 9.894 | 82.994 | -0.0119 | 1.87 | |
PIDN | 59.322 | 0 | -0.0159 | 2.13 | |
PID | 71.742 | 4.033 | -0.0195 | 2.67 | |
FPDN-FPTID | 8.621 | 0 | -0.0117 | 0.44 | |
(I-P)-PDN Proposed | 1.74 | 0 | -0.011 | 0.421 | |
PDN-PI | 119.556 | 251.724 | -0.03414 | 1.31 | 10 |
PID-PID | 123.24 | 176.558 | -0.03422 | 1.2 | |
FPID | 261.43 | 0 | -0.0425 | 2.55 | |
PI-FPID | 109.81 | 118.469 | -0.03418 | 0.52 | |
PIDN | 299.47 | 2.64 | -0.0357 | 1.65 | |
PID | 329.89 | 28.68 | -0.0415 | 2.12 | |
FPDN-FPTID | 98.25 | 0 | -0.0341 | 0.4 | |
(I-P)-PDN Proposed | 42 | 0 | -0.018 | 0.39 | |
PDN-PI | 569.286 | 550.17 | -0.06536 | 1.95 | 15 |
PID-PID | 581.375 | 565.811 | -0.06536 | 1.9 | |
FPID | 900.61 | 60.969 | -0.0669 | 1.77 | |
PI-FPID | 538.059 | 321.947 | -0.06537 | 1.05 | |
PIDN | 1008.82 | 128.069 | -0.0659 | 1.18 | |
PID | 1037.68 | 208.98 | -0.0713 | 2.01 | |
FPDN-FPTID | 533.01 | 41.316 | -0.06531 | 0.39 | |
(I-P)-PDN Proposed | 78 | 0.001 | -0.015 | 0.375 | |
PDN-PI | 1887.541 | 1130.729 | -0.1054 | 2.6 | 20 |
PID-PID | 1924.532 | 1307.22 | -0.1054 | 2.39 | |
FPID | 2541.407 | 272.824 | -0.107 | 3.01 | |
PI-FPID | 1816.244 | 727.9485 | -0.1054 | 2.26 | |
PIDN | 2712.31 | 523.783 | -0.1057 | 2.56 | |
PID | 2791 | 684.79 | -0.111 | 2.6 | |
FPDN-FPTID | 1790.08 | 161.58 | -0.1054 | 0.47 | |
(I-P)-PDN Proposed | 130 | 85.1 | -0.018 | 0.458 |
