Table 6 Key interactions of phytochemicals (extracted from clove flower bud extracts) with protein targets in house fly.
From: Physiological and molecular responses of house fly (Musca domestica L.) to clove flower bud extracts
Target protein | Eugenol | 3-Allyl-6-methoxyphenol | Caryophyllene | Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) | 3-Allyl-6-methoxyphenyl acetate | Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cytochrome P450 | Hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding | Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic | Hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Hydrophobic, steric hindrance |
Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase isoform X1 | Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic | Hydrophobic, π-π stacking | Strong hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Hydrophobic, competitive inhibition |
Muscle calcium channel subunit alpha-1 | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic | Strong hydrophobic, allosteric modulation | Hydrophobic, π-π stacking | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Hydrophobic, channel blocking |
Odorant binding protein 2 | Hydrophobic, π-π stacking | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Strong hydrophobic, irreversible binding | Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Hydrophobic, competitive binding |
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Weak hydrophobic, minimal modulation | Hydrophobic, allosteric inhibition | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Weak hydrophobic, no significant effect | Hydrophobic, weak antagonism |
Vitellogenin domain-containing protein | Hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Strong hydrophobic, disrupts lipid binding | Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Hydrophobic, competitive inhibition |
Gustatory receptor | Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic | Hydrophobic, π-π stacking | Strong hydrophobic, irreversible binding | Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic | Weak hydrophobic, Van der Waals | Hydrophobic, competitive binding |
