Table 4 2D/3D registration results of real X-ray images comparing with other methods.

From: Multiview 2D/3D image registration in minimally invasive pelvic surgery navigation

Method

Case

Anterior-posterior view

Inlet view

NCC

SSIM

NCC

SSIM

Initial

1

0.3371

0.3294

0.2656

0.3628

2

0.3239

0.5036

0.2453

0.4570

3

0.2821

0.4571

0.3855

0.5969

4

0.3791

0.6266

0.3554

0.6134

5

0.3303

0.5479

0.2325

0.5830

Mean

0.3305 ± 0.0346

0.4929± 0.1107

0.2969±0.0690

0.5226± 0.1087

95% CI

(0.3002, 0.3608)

(0.3959, 0.5900)

(0.2364, 0.3574)

(0.4274, 0.6179)

Opt-based

1

0.3654

0.4643

0.3292

0.4052

2

0.3698

0.5336

0.3462

0.5279

3

0.4023

0.6640

0.3846

0.6377

4

0.4236

0.6917

0.4129

0.6735

5

0.5914

0.7361

0.3945

0.6926

Mean

0.4305±0.0931

0.6179± 0.1143

0.3735±0.0347

0.5874±0.1202

95% CI

(0.3489, 0.5121)

(0.5178, 0.7181)

(0.3430, 0.4039)

(0.4821, 0.6927)

Learning-based

1

0.3714

0.6580

0.3525

0.5628

2

0.3929

0.6638

0.3853

0.6059

3

0.5763

0.7256

0.5516

0.6977

4

0.5808

0.7439

0.5412

0.7150

5

0.6330

0.8172

0.6232

0.7987

Mean

0.5109 ± 0.1198

0.7217 ± 0.0653

0.4908 ± 0.1162

0.6760 ± 0.0932

95% CI

(0.4058, 0.6159)

(0.6645, 0.7789)

(0.3889, 0.5926)

(0.5943, 0.7577)

Point2

1

0.5149

0.6926

0.3992

0.6028

2

0.5282

0.7363

0.4953

0.6705

3

0.5861

0.7171

0.6951

0.7727

4

0.6195

0.7695

0.5926

0.7613

5

0.6576

0.8917

0.6224

0.8568

Mean

0.5813 ± 0.0603

0.7614 ± 0.0781

0.5609 ± 0.1154

0.7328 ± 0.0982

95% CI

(0.5284, 0.6341)

(0.6930, 0.8299)

(0.4598, 0.6621)

(0.6468, 0.8189)

Transfer-learning

1

0.5157

0.7074

0.4509

0.6328

2

0.5948

0.7136

0.4826

0.6570

3

0.6265

0.7392

0.6724

0.7982

4

0.6674

0.7921

0.6409

0.7735

5

0.6780

0.9372

0.6325

0.8774

Mean

0.6165 ± 0.0654

0.7779 ± 0.0951

0.5759 ± 0.1013

0.7478 ± 0.1018

95% CI

(0.5592, 0.6738)

(0.6945, 0.8613)

(0.4870, 0.6647)

(0.6585, 0.8370)

BnB

1

0.3489

0.5980

0.2962

0.5338

2

0.3622

0.6177

0.3928

0.5683

3

0.5286

0.7173

0.4824

0.6911

4

0.5339

0.6980

0.5159

0.6785

5

0.6560

0.7917

0.5869

0.6562

Mean

0.4859 ± 0.1295

0.6845 ± 0.0786

0.4548 ± 0.1129

0.6256 ± 0.0702

95% CI

(0.3724, 0.5995)

(0.6157, 0.7534))

(0.3559, 0.5538)

(0.5640, 0.6871)

Ours

1

0.5578

0.7269

0.4954

0.6552

2

0.6703

0.7284

0.5181

0.6949

3

0.6155

0.7304

0.6502

0.7901

4

0.7838

0.8021

0.6432

0.7933

5

0.6402

0.9237

0.6135

0.8620

Mean

0.6535 ± 0.0837

0.7823 ± 0.0852

0.5841 ± 0.0724

0.7591 ± 0.0831

95% CI

(0.5801, 0.7269)

(0.7076, 0.8570)

(0.5206, 0.6475)

(0.6862, 0.8320)

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