Fig. 2

Cross-lagged model for anemia and cognitive function. In the panel, path 1 show the association between baseline anemia and followup anemia; path 2 show the association between baseline cognition and followup anemia; path 3 show the association between baseline anemia and follow-up cognition; path 4 show the association between baseline cognition and followup cognition; path 5 show the covariance between baseline anemia and baseline.