Table 1 Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics of extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
From: Outcomes of extremely preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a retrospective cohort study
Variables | No BPD (n = 102) | BPD (n = 86) | Odds Ratio /Mean Difference* | 95th CI | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal Variables | |||||
Multiples, n (%) | 35 (35.6%) | 29 (33.7%) | 0.91 | 0.49–1.68 | 0.77 |
Antenatal steroids, n (%) | 89 (87.3%) | 72 (83.7%) | 0.75 | 0.33–1.69 | 0.491 |
Chorioamnionitis, n (%) | 17 (16.7%) | 9 (10.5%) | 0.58 | 0.24–1.38 | 0.220 |
PPROM, n (%) | 26 (25.5%) | 24 (27.9%) | 1.13 | 0.59–2.16 | 0.709 |
Pregnancy-induced hypertension, n (%) | 10 (10.2%) | 10 (11.8%) | 1.17 | 0.46–2.97 | 0.736 |
Vaginal Delivery, n (%) | 39 (38.2%) | 37 (43.0%) | 1.22 | 0.68–2.18 | 0.505 |
Neonatal Variables | |||||
Birth weight (g), mean ± SD | 920.4 ± 193.2 | 797.5 ± 143.8 | 122.85* | 25.24–73.05 | < 0.001 |
Gestational age (weeks), mean ± SD | 25.9 ± 1.1 | 25.3 ± 1.3 | 0.67* | 0.17–0.33 | < 0.001 |
Males sex, n (%) | 47 (46.1%) | 60 (69.8%) | 2.70 | 1.47–4.93 | 0.001 |
Apgar at 1 min < 7, n (%) | 65 (63.7%) | 69 (80.2%) | 2.31 | 1.18–4.50 | 0.013 |
Apgar at 5 min < 7, n (%) | 17 (16.7%) | 19 (22.1%) | 1.41 | 0.68–2.93 | 0.346 |
Delivery room intubation, n (%) | 67 (65.7%) | 75 (87.2%) | 3.56 | 1.67–7.56 | < 0.001 |
Surfactant, n (%) | 77 (75.5%) | 81 (94.2%) | 5.26 | 1.91–14.43 | < 0.001 |
Clinical Characteristics | |||||
PDA required intervention, n (%) | 42 (54.5%) | 56 (65.1%) | 1.55 | 0.82–2.92 | 0.169 |
Early PDA device closure, n (%) | 1 (1.0%) | 6 (7.0%) | 7.57 | 0.89–64.20 | 0.049 |
Early PDA device closure day of life, median [IQR] | 25.00 [25.0,25.0] | 42.0 [34.3,54.3] | 0.134 | ||
SGA at birth, n (%) | 5(4.9%) | 3(3.5%) | 0.70 | 0.16–3.02 | 0.729 |
Discharge weight (kg), mean ± SD | 2257.8 ± 453.2 | 3559.8 ± 1506.7 | -1302.40* | -1612.16 – -992.62 | < 0.001 |
Discharge before 36wks PMA, n (%) | 42 (41.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.41 | 0.33–0.49 | < 0.001 |
Death after 36wks PMA, n (%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0.45 | 0.38–0.53 | 0.457 |
Weight at 36 weeks PMA (g), mean ± SD | 2174.8 ± 366.4 | 1928.9 ± 345.8 | 245.86* | 142.35–349.37 | < 0.001 |
Postnatal growth failure at 36 weeks PMA, n (%) | 59.0 (57.8%) | 70.0 (81.4%) | 3.19 | 1.63–2.63 | < 0.001 |
Discharge PMA, weeks | 37.2 ± 3.7 | 44.7 ± 7.9 | -7.53* | -9.28 – -5.78 | < 0.001 |
Hospital stay (days), mean ± SD | 78.3 ± 27.1 | 136.6 ± 55.6 | -58.29* | -70.60 – -45.97 | < 0.001 |
NICU hospitalization beyond 50wk, n (%) | 1 (1.0%) | 13 (15.3%) | 17.87 | 2.28–139.75 | < 0.001 |
Postnatal dexamethasone, n (%) | 1 (1.0%) | 25 (29.1%) | 41.39 | 5.47–313.25 | < 0.001 |
Any invasive ventilation n (%) | 83 (81.4%) | 82 (95.3%) | 4.69 | 1.53–14.39 | 0.004 |
Invasive ventilation days, median [IQR] | 0.4 [0.0, 3.0] | 7.0 [0.4,31.2] | < 0.001 | ||
VAP, n (%) | 8 (8.2%) | 13 (15.9%) | 2.12 | 0.83–5.39 | 0.109 |
Severe IVH, n (%) | 1 (1.0%) | 5 (5.8%) | 6.23 | 0.71–54.43 | 0.095 |
Severe ROP, n (%) | 2 (2.0%) | 11 (12.8%) | 7.33 | 15.78–34.07 | 0.004 |
NEC, n (%) | 6 (6.1%) | 4 (4.7%) | 0.75 | 0.20–2.77 | 0.754 |
Pneumothorax, n (%) | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (9.4%) | 0.44 | 0.37–0.52 | 0.002 |
PVL, n (%) | 1 (1.0%) | 3 (3.5%) | 3.69 | 0.37–36.19 | 0.230 |
