Fig. 2

Schematic diagram of finite element model construction. (a). 3D reconstruction model of the spine; (b). model of the intervertebral discs, upper and lower cartilage endplates and endplates; (c). surface fitting and solid model of the spinal T8-S1 segment; (d). vertebral body mesh delineation model; (e). 3D finite element body mesh model of the T8-S1 segment.