Table 1 Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics of NHANES participants with and without elevated serum high-sensitivity CRP (> 3.0 mg/L).

From: Association of participant reported oral health, tooth loss, interdental cleaning and dental visits with serum CRP

Variables

Overall

(N = 6358)

Control

(≤ 3.0 mg/L) (n = 4144)

Elevated serum CRP

(> 3.0 mg/L) (n = 2214)

P

Sex

 < 0.001

 Female

3245 (50.3%)

1926 (46.3%)

1319 (58.5%)

 

 Male

3113 (49.7%)

2218 (53.7%)

895 (41.5%)

 

Age (years)

49.3 ± 12.8

49.6 ± 13.1

48.9 ± 12.3

0.415

Race

 < 0.001

 Non-Hispanic White

1993 (63.8%)

1325 (65.1%)

668 (61.0%)

 

 Non-Hispanic Black

1488 (10.3%)

865 (8.9%)

623 (13.3%)

 

 Mexican American

976 (8.8%)

609 (8.4%)

367 (9.7%)

 

 Other

1901 (17.0%)

1345 (17.5%)

556 (16.0%)

 

Education

 < 0.001

 < High school

1286 (12.1%)

823 (12.1%)

463 (12.2%)

 

 High school

1343 (21.3%)

816 (19.2%)

527 (25.5%)

 

> High school

3725 (66.6%)

2503 (68.6%)

1222 (62.3%)

 

Marital status

0.145

 Married/Cohabiting

4211 (71.2%)

2816 (72.2%)

1395 (69.0%)

 

 Never married

878 (11.9%)

545 (11.4%)

333 (12.9%)

 

 Widowed/Divorced/Separated

1266 (16.9%)

781 (16.3%)

485 (18.0%)

 

Family PIR

 < 0.001

 ≤ 1.3

1494 (14.8%)

893 (13.4%)

601 (17.8%)

 

 1.3–3.5

2152 (30.3%)

1357 (29.3%)

795 (32.3%)

 

> 3.5

1946 (45.6%)

1415 (48.8%)

531 (38.8%)

 

Smoking status

0.098

 Nonsmokers

3829 (57.9%)

2545 (59.1%)

1284 (55.5%)

 

 Former smokers

1399 (25.2%)

926 (25.3%)

473 (25.1%)

 

 Current smokers

1127 (16.8%)

672 (15.6%)

455 (19.4%)

 

Drinking status

0.149

 Never drinking in the past year

1697 (20.8%)

1056 (19.8%)

641 (23.0%)

 

 Drinking in the past year

4305 (74.3%)

2851 (75.3%)

1454 (72.4%)

 

Physical activity

(≥ 600 MET-minutes/week)

3976 (67.6%)

2687 (70.1%)

1289 (62.5%)

0.001

High dietary quality

2287 (37.8%)

1607 (40.9%)

680 (31.3%)

 < 0.001

Decreased HDL

4938 (47.15%)

1082 (37.22%)

3856 (50.96%)

 < 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

 < 0.001

 < 25

1501 (24.7%)

1290 (31.6%)

211 (10.3%)

 

 25–30

2081 (33.0%)

1565 (37.5%)

516 (23.8%)

 

≥ 30

2569 (39.9%)

1175 (29.1%)

1394 (62.3%)

 

Elevated FPG

2148 (31.1%)

1258 (27.8%)

890 (38.0%)

 < 0.001

Low HDL

2639 (39.2%)

1535 (34.5%)

1104 (49.0%)

 < 0.001

High blood pressure

2902 (40.9%)

1766 (37.8%)

1136 (47.2%)

 < 0.001

Short sleep

629 (7.4%)

384 (6.7%)

245 (9.0%)

 < 0.001

Depression

1351 (19.8%)

756 (17.6%)

595 (24.3%)

 < 0.001

Self-reported oral health

 < 0.001

 Poor or fair

2265 (28.3%)

1351 (26.2%)

914 (32.7%)

 

 Good

2093 (32.3%)

1359 (30.7%)

734 (35.7%)

 

 Very good or excellent

2000 (39.3%)

1434 (43.1%)

566 (31.5%)

 

Number of lost teeth

2.8 ± 4.7

2.5 ± 4.4

3.3 ± 5.1

0.001

Interdental cleaning frequency (days/week)

3.6 ± 2.8

3.8 ± 2.9

3.3 ± 2.8

0.004

Time since the last dental visit

 < 0.001

 6 months or less

2552 (47.2%)

1765 (49.9%)

787 (41.7%)

 

 6 months − 2 years

1839 (26.2%)

1177 (25.3%)

662 (28.1%)

 

 More than 2 years

1967 (26.6%)

1202 (24.8%)

765 (30.2%)

 

Scaling and root planing treatment

1691 (24.2%)

1108 (24.2%)

583 (24.4%)

0.594

Serum high-sensitivity CRP (mg/L)

3.4 ± 5.4

1.2 ± 0.8

8.1 ± 7.6

 < 0.001

  1. Data were shown as mean ± standard deviations for continuous variables and weighted percentages for categorical variables. Weighted chi-square tests and weighted linear regression models were used to compare the categorical and continuous variables of the baseline clinical data respectively. Missing data for variables: education levels (0.02%), marital status (0.01%), family PIR (9.33%), smoking status (0.07%), drinking status (4.82%), dietary quality (16.36%), physical activity (0.62%), overweight status (2.41%), low HDL status (0.04%), elevated FPG status (0.05%), high blood pressure status (2.75%), sleep status (0.31%), depression (5.11%) and history of scaling and root planing treatment (0.43%). Abbreviations: NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; CRP, C-reactive protein; PIR, Poverty income ratio; HDL, High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG, Fasting Plasma Glucose; MET-minutes/week, Metabolic equivalent minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week.
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