Algorithm 3 Pseudo code of the proposed feature extraction.

From: A novel brain MRI classification framework integrating tuned single scale retinex and empirical wavelet entropy features

FUNCTION Extract_Features(subbands):

   // Compute energy and entropy features from each subband

   FOR each subband IN subbands:

      1. Energy = sum(subband^2) / total_pixels

      2. Shannon_Entropy = -sum(p * log(p)), where p = normalized histogram of subband

      3. Tsallis_Entropy = (1 – sum(p^q)) / (q – 1), where q = entropy index (e.g., 2)

   END FOR

// Concatenate features into a vector

   feature_vector = [Energy_1, Shannon_1, Tsallis_1,…, Energy_N, Shannon_N, Tsallis_N]

   RETURN feature_vector (size: 1 × 36 for N = 4 subbands)

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