Table 3 Adjusted differences in functional performance outcomes between intervention and control groups after the 12-week intervention, as measured by the Continuous Scale Physical Functional Performance 10 (CS-PFP-10) test. The table shows the total score as well as the five sub-scores. Values represent adjusted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The linear mixed-effects models were adjusted for the baseline-value as well as for age and sex.

From: Efficacy of the power centering for seniors intervention on physical functional performance in older community-dwelling adults: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial

Outcome

Adjusted difference with 95% CI

P-value

Effect size (Cohen’s d)

CS-PFP-10 total score

2.05 (−0.78 to 4.89)

0.163

0.403

Upper body strength

−2.55 (−6.69 to 1.64)

0.237

−0.338

Upper body flexibility

−0.10 (−5.22 to 5.04)

0.971

−0.010

Lower body strength

2.84 (−0.21 to 5.90)

0.074

0.517

Balance & coordination

3.34 (−0.09 to 6.79)

0.063

0.541

Endurance

2.70 (−0.50 to 5.92)

0.106

0.468

  1. *Adjusted differences are estimated from linear mixed-effects models that included baseline CS-PFP-10 score, age, and sex as fixed effects (with recruitment wave as a random effect).
  2. *The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) represent the precision of the estimated adjusted differences.
  3. *Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were calculated as the standardised mean differences between the intervention and control groups (with 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 interpreted as small, medium, and large effects, respectively).
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