Fig. 1

A map of the study area showing administrative divisions of Chad, and villages along the Chari River from which canine blood samples were collected. The map was designed using the open-source software QGIS V.3.2.2.

A map of the study area showing administrative divisions of Chad, and villages along the Chari River from which canine blood samples were collected. The map was designed using the open-source software QGIS V.3.2.2.