Table 2 Admissional tests results of the patients.

From: Prediction of hospital mortality in patients with left-sided infective endocarditis using a score in the first hours of admission

Variables

Total n = 530

Survivors n = 370

Nonsurvivors n = 160

p value

Laboratory tests—n. (%)

 Hemoglobin ≤ 10 g/dL

183 (34.5)

105 (28.4)

78 (48.8)

< 0.001

 Leukocyte ≥ 12 × 109 /L

195 (36.8)

115 (31.1)

80 (50)

< 0.001

 Platelets ≤ 150 × 109 /L

165 (31.1)

102 (27.6)

63 (39.4)

0.007

 C-reactive protein ≥ 100 mg/L*

245 (46.5)

158 (42.8)

87 (55.1)

0.01

 Creatinine ≥ 1.3 mg/dL†

206 (41.6)

117 (33.4)

89 (61.4)

< 0.001

Urine tests—n. (%)

 Protein ≥ 0.05 g/L‡

163 (37)

111 (35.2)

52 (41.6)

0.21

 Red blood cells ≥ 20,000 cells/mL§

128 (29)

90 (28.3)

38 (30.6)

0.63

Microorganism—n. (%)

 Streptococcus viridans

138 (26)

114 (30.8)

24 (15)

< 0.001

 Staphylococcus aureus

61 (11.5)

33 (8.9)

28 (17.5)

0.004

 Streptococcus gallolyticus

44 (8.3)

37 (10)

7 (4.4)

0.031

 Enterococcus sp

41 (7.7)

22 (5.9)

19 (11.9)

0.019

 HACEK||

6 (1.1)

6 (1.6)

0

0.11

 Non-HACEK|| gram-negative bacilli

13 (1.6)

2 (0.8)

8 (3.8)

0.003

 Bartonella sp

9 (1.7)

7 (1.9)

2 (1.2)

0.60

 Coxiella burnetti

1 (0.2)

1 (0.3)

0

0.51

 Fungi

14 (2.6)

9 (2.4)

5 (3.1)

0.65

 Others

118 (22.2%)

83 (22.4%)

35 (21.8)

0.43

Admission echocardiogram—n. (%)

 Vegetation—n. (%)

294 (55.4)

198 (53.5)

96 (60)

0.41

 Vegetation size (mm)—(IQR**)

12 (8–17) (n = 224)

12 (8–17) (n = 148)

10,5 (8–17.5) (n = 76)

0.98

 Moderate to severe valvular regurgitation—n. (%)

323 (60.9)

218 (58.9)

105 (65.6)

0.15

 Abscess—n. (%)

67 (12.9)

43 (11.8)

24 (15.4)

0.27

 Paravalvular regurgitation—n. (%)

49 (11.9)

32 (11)

17 (14)

0.39

 Valve perforation/rupture—n. (%)

40 (7.7)

28 (7.7)

12 (7.7)

0.99

 Fistula—n. (%)

16 (3.1)

8 (2.2)

8 (5.2)

0.073

 Aortic valve involvement—n. (%)

291 (54.9)

206 (55.7)

85 (53.1)

0.59

 Mitral valve involvement—n. (%)

275 (51.9)

180 (48.6)

95 (59.4)

0.023

 Ejection fraction (IQR**)

61 (56–66)

62 (57–66)

60 (54–65)

0.043

  1. *n = 527; †n = 529; ‡n = 475; §n = 474; ||HACEK, Haemophilus parainfluenzae; Aggregatibacter spp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ; A. aphrophilus; A. paraphrophilus e A. segnis; Cardiobacterium hominis e valvarum; Eikenella corrodens; Kingella kingae e denitrificans; **IQR, interquartile range.
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