Scientific Reports

Table 15 Parameter estimation and statistical measures comparison of various MH algorithms for BCS 500 W PEMFC.

From: Efficient estimation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells parameters using a hybrid swarm intelligent algorithm

S.no	Algorithms	Objective function	\(\xi _{a}\)	\(\xi _{b}\)	\(\xi _{c}\)	\(\xi _{d}\)	\(R_{con}\left( \Omega \right)\)	\(\beta\)	\(\lambda\)
1	GPC	0.011699	– 0.86884	0.002854	7.64E–05	– 0.00019	0.0001	0.016136	20.88789
2	ZOA	0.012497	– 0.87852	0.002506	5.22E–05	– 0.00019	0.000251	0.015992	21.74465
3	SCHO	0.012752	– 1.11427	0.003124	4.63E–05	– 0.00019	0.000316	0.015802	22.46367
4	PSA	0.027469	– 0.8532	0.002895	8.21E–05	– 0.00019	0.0008	0.0136	24
5	SABO	0.044445	– 1.19969	0.004177	0.000098	– 0.00019	0.000171	0.016426	24
6	YDSE	0.011704	– 1.0637	0.003122	5.6E–05	– 0.00019	0.000104	0.016102	20.86594
7	EDO	0.011908	– 1.1366	0.003719	8.03E–05	– 0.00019	0.000188	0.015965	21.61097
8	RIME	0.012326	– 0.98938	0.003546	9.76E–05	– 0.00019	0.000168	0.015823	21.36505
9	CDO	1.594396	– 0.93087	0.002753	6.21E–05	– 0.00016	0.000659	0.015624	20.01874
10	COA	0.027964	– 1.19969	0.004181	0.000098	– 0.00019	0.0008	0.0136	24
11	HHO	0.028383	– 0.97184	0.003249	8.23E–05	– 0.00019	0.000372	0.015149	20.19897
12	GWO	0.01197	– 1.02867	0.002867	4.63E–05	– 0.00019	0.000112	0.016284	21.38155
13	HBA²⁸	0.0118	– 0.952	0.0032	7.40E–05	– 0.000072	0.000543	0.016	20.1
14	ICA³⁰	0.011856	– 0.9086	0.0024798	4.4583E–05	– 0.000193	0.000246	0.016238	22.662
15	VSDE²⁷	0.01214	– 1.1970	0.0042330	9.7990E–05	– 0.000192	0.0001108	0.0157	20.194
16	SSO⁹⁰	0.01219	– 0.8532	0.0048115	9.433E–05	– 0.000192	0.0003499	0.01589	23.000
17	AHA²²	0.011831	– 1.0497	0.0029	3.84E–05	– 0.00019	0.00018	0.01636	22.0516
18	ShSO²⁴	7.1889	– 1.018	0.0023151	5.24E–05	– 0.00012	0.000750	0.0136	18.8547
19	CS⁹²	5.5625	– 1.045	0.0027788	4.59E–05	– 0.000139	0.0008	0.0136	18.4944

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