Table 2 Mix proportions of the concrete (kg/m3).
From: Bond behaviour between H-shaped steel and concrete after freeze-thaw cycles
Specimen ID | F–T cycles | Volumetric stirrup ratio (%) | Anchorage length (mm) | Failure model | Pushout force (kN) | Bond strength (MPa) | Bond Strength (Mean ± SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F0V04L400-1 | 0 | 0.4 | 400 | Pushout | 293.63 | 0.62* | - |
F0V08L380-1 | 0.8 | 380 | Splitting | 520.61 | 2.51 | 2.49 ± 0.03 | |
F0V08L380-2 | 0.8 | 380 | Splitting | 523.13 | 2.50 | ||
F0V08L380-3 | 0.8 | 380 | Pushout | 518.72 | 2.46 | ||
F0V08L560-1 | 0.8 | 560 | Splitting | 587.37 | 1.92# | 1.93 ± 0.01 | |
F0V08L560-2 | 0.8 | 560 | Splitting | 599.69 | 1.94# | ||
F0V08L560-3 | 0.8 | 560 | Splitting | 593.56 | 1.93# | ||
F0V04L560-1 | 0.4 | 560 | Pushout | 517.81 | 1.72 | - | |
F0V12L560-1 | 1.2 | 560 | Pushout | 639.56 | 2.08 | - | |
F25V04L400-1 | 25 | 0.4 | 400 | Pushout | 288.90 | 0.61* | - |
F50V08L380-1 | 50 | 0.8 | 380 | Pushout | 410.02 | 1.93 | 2.05 ± 0.15 |
F50V08L380-2 | 0.8 | 380 | Pushout | 447.22 | 2.22 | ||
F50V08L380-3 | 0.8 | 380 | Splitting | 425.78 | 1.99 | ||
F50V04L400-1 | 0.4 | 400 | Pushout | 189.44 | 0.40* | - | |
F50V08L560-1 | 0.8 | 560 | Pushout | 489.43 | 1.58# | 1.63 ± 0.07 | |
F50V08L560-2 | 0.8 | 560 | Pushout | 502.26 | 1.61# | ||
F50V08L560-3 | 0.8 | 560 | Pushout | 529.35 | 1.71# | ||
F100V08L380-1 | 100 | 0.8 | 380 | Pushout | 389.91 | 1.85 | 1.88 ± 0.03 |
F100V08L380-2 | 0.8 | 380 | Pushout | 393.48 | 1.87 | ||
F100V08L380-3 | 0.8 | 380 | Pushout | 404.04 | 1.91 | ||
F100V08L560-1 | 0.8 | 560 | Pushout | 458.79 | 1.47# | 1.52 ± 0.04 | |
F100V08L560-2 | 0.8 | 560 | Pushout | 484.50 | 1.56# | ||
F100V08L560-3 | 0.8 | 560 | Pushout | 466.57 | 1.52# | ||
F100V04L560-1 | 0.4 | 560 | Splitting | 456.87 | 1.48 | - | |
F100V12L560-1 | 1.2 | 560 | Pushout | 486.67 | 1.57 | - | |
F200V08L380-1 | 200 | 0.8 | 380 | Pushout | 361.79 | 1.72 | 1.67 ± 0.04 |
F200V08L380-2 | 0.8 | 380 | Pushout | 324.96 | 1.64 | ||
F200V08L380-3 | 0.8 | 380 | Pushout | 353.50 | 1.65 | ||
F200V08L560-1 | 0.8 | 560 | Pushout | 418.25 | 1.37# | 1.38 ± 0.02 | |
F200V08L560-2 | 0.8 | 560 | Pushout | 430.72 | 1.41# | ||
F200V08L560-3 | 0.8 | 560 | Pushout | 418.89 | 1.37# |