Table 2 Summary of the normalized EMG RMSA and EMG peaks. Include means, standard deviations, and percent differences between the ‘w/o exo’ and the ‘with exo’ mode per muscles for all participants.

From: Ergonomic assessment of a multi-joint actuated lower extremity exoskeleton to assist dynamic lifting and carrying tasks

Task

Measure

Vastus medialis (VM)

Rectus femoris (RF)

Gastrocnemius (GA)

Mode A (w/o Exo)

Mode B (with Exo)

\(\:{\%}\:\varDelta\:{{M}}^{{*}}\)

Mode A (w/o Exo)

Mode B (with Exo)

\(\:{\%}\:\varDelta\:{{M}}^{{*}}\)

Mode A (w/o Exo)

Mode B (with Exo)

\(\:{\%}\:\varDelta\:{{M}}^{{*}}\)

Lifting

RMSA (SD)

0.28 (0.14)

0.13 (0.05)

51.43

0.32 (0.15)

0.22 (0.11)

30.23

0.30 (0.13)

0.18 (0.06)

40.63

Peaks (SD)

1.00

0.39 (0.13)

60.63

1.00

0.65 (0.35)

34.55

1.00

0.59 (0.22)

40.74

Lifting and carrying

RMSA (SD)

0.34 (0.17)

0.19 (0.11)

43.90

0.34 (0.14)

0.21 (0.11)

37.78

0.30 (0.17)

0.12 (0.04)

58.00

Peaks (SD)

1.00

0.69 (0.31)

31.40

1.00

0.69 (0.31)

31.30

1.00

0.56 (0.21)

43.79

  1. *\(\:\text{\%}\:\varDelta\:{M}^{\:}=\)% muscle activity reduction = \(\:({EMG}_{\frac{w}{o}\:Exo}-\:{EMG}_{with\:Exo})/{EMG}_{\frac{w}{o}\:Exo}\:\:\:\:x\:100\).