Table 4 Temperature and heating rate sets in different studies.
Reactor | Waste tire type | Temperature (°C) | Optimal temperature (°C) | Heating rate (°C/min) | Yield (wt%) | Ref (s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Char | Oil | Gas | ||||||
Fixed-Bed | Car | 1000–1300 | 1000 | 10–15 | 33.8 | 34.4 | 24.4 | |
Fixed-Bed | Car | 400–900 | ~ 850 | 10 | 33.5 | * Nm | ~ 45 | |
Rotary Bed | Car | 550 | - | 5–60 | 34.6 | 41.1 | 23 | |
Rotary Kiln | Car | 400–1050 | 550 | - | 33 | 42 | 21 | |
Rotary Bed | Car | 420–500 | 500 | 15 | 35 | 45 | 10 | |
Photothermal | Car | 425–575 | 575 | 60–600 | 50 | 31 | 14 | |
Rotary Kiln | Car (50%), | 450–850 | 500 | 10 | * Nm | 28.47 | 29.74 | |
Truck (50%) | 38.28 | 27.66 | ||||||
Lab-scale | Car | 400–750 | 500 | 14 | * Nm | 45.2 | * Nm | |
Lab-scale | Ultra- heavy mining truck | 350–600 | 500 | - | 38 | 36 | 13 | This study |
