Table 4 Bias (± SE) of genomic breeding values in different scenarios of QTL number and percent of QTLs with dominance effect.

Normal distribution

 1000 QTL

445.7 ± 13.6^a

454.7 ± 12.3^a

481.3 ± 14.7^b

553.6 ± 16.3^c

590.4 ± 18.4^d

 500 QTL

267.8 ± 10.2^a

272.7 ± 11.3^ab

283.0 ± 9.6^b

302.6 ± 12.1^c

344.7 ± 12.2^d

 100 QTL

211.4 ± 7.4^a

216.8 ± 9.5^a

223.5 ± 10.3^b

234.4 ± 11.2^c

253.7 ± 11.7^d

Uniform distribution

 1000 QTL

436.9 ± 12.7^a

447.2 ± 12.4^b

468.3 ± 13.5^b

509.7 ± 14.7^c

561.4 ± 16.0^d

 500 QTL

259.5 ± 5.6^a

267.3 ± 6.4^a

283.0 ± 8.7^b

302.6 ± 9.5^b

331.4 ± 12.6^c

 100 QTL

118.74 ± 4.1^a

123.6 ± 6.3^ab

131.7 ± 5.1^b

144.1 ± 6.2^c

149.5 ± 7.9^c

Gamma distribution

 1000 QTL

424.7 ± 15.3^a

445.6 ± 15.0^b

483.2 ± 17.4^c

539.7 ± 17.9^c

605.7 ± 19.6^d

 500 QTL

245.7 ± 7.2^a

251.4 ± 8.1^a

263.7 ± 8.1^b

291.4 ± 9.2^c

325.6 ± 5^d

 100 QTL

139.5 ± 4.7^a

144.5 ± 5.6^ab

153.7 ± 6.6^b

161.4 ± 6.0^c

177.4 ± 7.4^d