Fig. 5

Dynamics of extracellular vesicles (EVs) induced by sucrose-driven hyperosmotic stress in GYM cultures supplemented with 0.64 M sucrose. (a) sco1760::Tn5 mutant. (b) Wild-type strain overexpressing sco0954. (c) sco4439/40::Tn5062 mutant (upper images in phase-contrast mode). Time-lapse imaging was initiated in 48-hour cultures, once EVs induced by sucrose-driven hyperosmotic stress had formed. Cultures were stained with SYTO-9 (green, DNA stain). Arrows indicate S-cells and L-forms. Time points (in minutes) are indicated; time 0 marks the start of time-lapse imaging (i.e. a 48-hour culture). Scale bars represent 8 μm.