Fig. 1

The frailty-free survival curves according to the definition of (A) mCHS and (B) KCL by the low- and high-RDW groups The low- and high-RDW groups were defined as those with RDW < 13.5% and ≥ 13.5%, respectively. The high-RDW group was more likely to have incident frailty according to their mCHS and KCL scores (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively, log-rank test).RDW: red blood cell distribution width, mCHS: modified version of the Cardiovascular Health Study, KCL: Kihon Checklist.