Fig. 1

The intratumoral genetic–imaging feature heterogeneity of GBM is significant and differs across different tumor anatomical subregions. (A), Schematic diagram of the MRI feature-guided intraoperative multisite sampling and follow-up study. (B), Proportions of SGMs, CGMs and UGMs in different samples from different patients. (C), Correlation analysis between PGMs and variance in the ROGs of the original CE-T1W images over time (n = 6). (D), Correlation analysis between the number of gene mutations in individual samples and the distance from the tumor centroid in patients whose tumors tended to show sphere-like growth on imaging (n = 14 of 3 patients). (E), Correlation analysis between the proportion of PGMs and the distance from the tumor centroid in patients whose tumors tended to show sphere-like growth on imaging (n = 14 of 3 patients). GBM, glioblastoma; PnSn, sample no. n of patient no. n, SGM, shared gene mutation; CGM, crossover gene mutation; UGM, unique gene mutation; PGM, private gene mutation.