Table 4 Relative risk of various cohort characteristics for a 10 milligram mean daily milligrams morphine equivalent (MME) increase during the long-term opioid therapy interval for.

From: Patterns of long-term opioid therapy with prior nonpharmacologic pain management utilization

Variable

Relative risk (95% conf. interval)

p-value

Site: denver health vs. KPCO

1.21 (1.13–1.30)

< 0.0001

Site: MCHS vs. KPCO

0.97 (0.97–1.02)

0.2303

Age 10 y increase

0.93 (0.92–0.94)

< 0.0001

COVID Era vs. Pre COVID

0.97 (0.93–1.02)

0.2959

Male vs. female

1.16 (1.11–1.21)

< 0.0001

Any ED admission

1.12 (1.07–1.27)

< 0.0001

Any inpatient admission

1.24 (1.17–1.30)

< 0.0001

Prior cancer diagnosis

2.24 (2.03–2.48)

< 0.0001

Prior mental health diagnosis

1.10 (1.05–1.15)

0.0002

Prior daily mean 10 MME increase

1.29 (1.27–1.31)

< 0.0001

Any injections for pain

1.03 (0.99–1.08)

0.1539

Any CAM for pain

1.05 (1.00-1.10)

0.0432

Any physical therapy for pain

0.99 (0.90–1.08)

0.7542

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