Table 2 Spindle morphology and chromosome alignments observed in IVM bovine oocytes vitrified/warmed after IVM with or without FF-EVs from small or large follicles.

From: Enhancing developmental potential of vitrified in vitro matured bovine oocytes using extracellular vesicles from large follicles

 

n

MII (%)

Normal MII configuration (%)

Microtubule distribution (%)

Chromosome distribution (%)

Dispersed

Decondensed

Absent

Dispersed

Decondensed

Absent

Control

76

68 (88.15 ± 2.21)

62 (92.42 ± 4.06)a

4 (4.80 ± 2.50)

1 (1.33 ± 1.33)a

0 a

6 (7.57 ± 4.06)

0 a

0

Small

78

68 (86.94 ± 1.95)

58 (84.98 ± 2.36)a

7 (10.34 ± 1.39)

3 (4.64 ± 2.11)a, b

0 a

7 (10.34 ± 1.39)

3 (4.64 ± 2.11)a, b

0

Large

74

63 (85.16 ± 2.04)

54 (85.18 ± 2.00)a

7 (12.22 ± 2.91)

2 (2.59 ± 1.63)a

0 a

7 (12.22 ± 2.91)

2 (2.59 ± 1.63)a

0

VIT

118

106 (88.19 ± 2.63)

71 (65.81 ± 4.95)b

18 (18.10 ± 4.05)

4 (4.06 ± 1.95)a

13 (12.01 ± 4.35)b

24 (24.67 ± 7.48)

11 (9.50 ± 3.21)a, b

0

VIT Small

89

82 (92.10 ± 2.03)

56 (66.74 ± 4.84)b

10 (12.81 ± 2.27)

11 (14.13 ± 3.32)b

5 (6.29 ± 2.05)a, b

14 (17.93 ± 3.16)

12 (15.31 ± 3.32)b

0

VIT Large

106

95 (89.86 ± 1.95)

70 (76.64 ± 5.35)a, b

16 (13.83 ± 5.10)

7 (7.07 ± 1.90)a, b

2 (2.44 ± 1.76)a, b

18 (16.27 ± 4.48)

7 (7.07 ± 1.90)a, b

0

  1. Unless indicated otherwise, data are given as the mean ± SEM. a, b Values with different superscripts within a column differ significantly (P < 0.05). Rates of oocytes with the given morphology were calculated from the total number of oocytes reaching the MII stage. Control: oocytes in vitro matured in standard IVM medium; Small: oocytes in vitro matured in IVM medium supplemented with EVs from small follicles; Large: oocytes in vitro matured in IVM medium supplemented with EVs from large follicles; VIT, VIT Small, and VIT Large underwent identical IVM conditions as their non-vitrified counterparts but were vitrified/warmed at 21 h of IVM and allowed to recover for 3 additional hours post-warming