Fig. 6

Between-group comparisons of muscle volume at baseline and after the 8th week of interventions. CTR: Control group, BFRT: BFR-alone group, EMS: EMS-alone group, CMB: BFR combined with EMS group, CSA: Cross-sectional area of RF on the dominant side. (a) Comparison with CTR group, p < 0.05, (b) comparison with BFRT group, p < 0.05, (c) comparison with EMS group, p < 0.05, (d): Comparison with CMB group, p < 0.05.