Table 1 Comparative baseline characteristics by Lactate-to-Albumin ratio groups.

From: Lactate-to-albumin ratio as an independent predictor of 28-day ICU mortality in patients with hypertension: a retrospective cohort study

 

LAR (< 0.46)

LAR (0.46–0.81)

LAR (> 0.81)

P

N = 1485

N = 1507

N = 1512

LAR

0.34 [0.28;0.40]

0.61 [0.53;0.69]

1.23 [0.97;1.72]

<0.001

Lac

1.11 (0.27)

1.85 (0.44)

4.06 (2.02)

<0.001

Alb

3.30 (0.55)

3.02 (0.58)

2.78 (0.60)

<0.001

Age

67.0 [57.0;77.0]

69.0 [60.0;78.0]

68.0 [59.0;78.0]

0.001

Gender

   

0.008

Female

626 (42.2%)

584 (38.8%)

670 (44.3%)

 

Male

859 (57.8%)

923 (61.2%)

842 (55.7%)

 

Race

   

0.161

Asian

31 (2.09%)

41 (2.72%)

40 (2.65%)

 

Black

125 (8.42%)

128 (8.49%)

145 (9.59%)

 

Hispanic

46 (3.10%)

37 (2.46%)

50 (3.31%)

 

Other

372 (25.1%)

333 (22.1%)

381 (25.2%)

 

White

911 (61.3%)

968 (64.2%)

896 (59.3%)

 

BMI

29.9 (8.24)

30.0 (7.86)

30.0 (7.89)

0.894

WBC

10.9 [8.10;14.4]

12.2 [9.00;16.9]

13.3 [8.90;18.6]

<0.001

RBC

3.70 [3.19;4.23]

3.56 [3.04;4.14]

3.45 [2.89;4.10]

<0.001

Hb

11.1 [9.60;12.7]

10.7 [9.10;12.4]

10.4 [8.80;12.2]

<0.001

Cr

0.90 [0.70;1.20]

1.00 [0.80;1.30]

1.10 [0.80;1.60]

<0.001

BUN

17.0 [13.0;26.0]

20.0 [14.0;30.0]

21.0 [14.0;33.0]

<0.001

Na

138 [136;141]

139 [136;141]

139 [135;141]

0.424

K

4.00 [3.70;4.40]

4.10 [3.70;4.60]

4.20 [3.70;4.70]

<0.001

Calcium

8.40 [7.90;8.90]

8.20 [7.70;8.70]

8.10 [7.60;8.60]

<0.001

PLT

204 [148;270]

189 [132;261]

164 [110;238]

<0.001

Cancer:

   

0.478

No

1264 (85.1%)

1263 (83.8%)

1289 (85.3%)

 

Yes

221 (14.9%)

244 (16.2%)

223 (14.7%)

 

CKD

   

0.459

No

1469 (98.9%)

1492 (99.0%)

1490 (98.5%)

 

Yes

16 (1.08%)

15 (1.00%)

22 (1.46%)

 

AKI

   

<0.001

No

955 (64.3%)

862 (57.2%)

676 (44.7%)

 

Yes

530 (35.7%)

645 (42.8%)

836 (55.3%)

 

T2DM

   

0.013

No

1078 (72.6%)

1025 (68.0%)

1038 (68.7%)

 

Yes

407 (27.4%)

482 (32.0%)

474 (31.3%)

 

COPD

   

0.001

No

1230 (82.8%)

1269 (84.2%)

1325 (87.6%)

 

Yes

255 (17.2%)

238 (15.8%)

187 (12.4%)

 

MI

   

0.729

No

1363 (91.8%)

1386 (92.0%)

1379 (91.2%)

 

Yes

122 (8.22%)

121 (8.03%)

133 (8.80%)

 

HF

   

0.076

No

1218 (82.0%)

1212 (80.4%)

1264 (83.6%)

 

Yes

267 (18.0%)

295 (19.6%)

248 (16.4%)

 

SOFA

4.00 [2.00;7.00]

5.00 [3.00;8.00]

8.00 [5.00;10.0]

<0.001

SAPSII

35.0 [28.0;43.0]

39.0 [31.0;48.0]

44.0 [35.0;54.2]

<0.001

GCS

15.0 [13.0;15.0]

15.0 [14.0;15.0]

15.0 [14.0;15.0]

0.446

Glucocorticoids

   

0.135

Yes

417 (28.1%)

392 (26.0%)

442 (29.2%)

 

No

1068 (71.9%)

1115 (74.0%)

1070 (70.8%)

 

Antihypertensive

   

0.301

Yes

1206 (81.2%)

1256 (83.3%)

1239 (81.9%)

 

No

279 (18.8%)

251 (16.7%)

273 (18.1%)

 

Nbpm

83.0 [72.0;97.0]

80.0 [69.0;94.0]

77.0 [66.0;91.0]

<0.001

RR

18.0 [15.0;22.0]

19.0 [15.0;23.0]

19.0 [15.0;24.0]

0.435

Spo2

98.0 [95.0;100]

99.0 [96.0;100]

99.0 [95.0;100]

<0.001

Temperaturef

98.3 [97.7;99.0]

98.3 [97.7;98.9]

98.2 [97.6;98.9]

0.001

OS

28.0 [28.0;28.0]

28.0 [28.0;28.0]

28.0 [16.5;28.0]

<0.001

Death

   

<0.001

No

1242 (83.6%)

1186 (78.7%)

1095 (72.4%)

 

Yes

243 (16.4%)

321 (21.3%)

417 (27.6%)

 
  1. LAR: Lactate-to-Albumin Ratio; Lac: Lactate; Alb: Albumin; BMI: Body Mass Index; WBC: White Blood Cell; RBC: Red Blood Cell; Hb: Hemoglobin; Cr: Creatinine; BUN: Blood Urea Nitrogen; Na: Sodium; K: Potassium; Ca: Calcium; PLT: Platelet; CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease; AKI: Acute Kidney Injury; T2DM: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; MI: Myocardial Infarction; HF: Heart Failure; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; SAPSII: Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; Nbpm: Non-invasive Blood Pressure Monitoring; RR: Respiratory Rate; SpO₂: Oxygen Saturation; Temperaturef: Temperature in Fahrenheit; OS: Overall Survival.
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