Table 4 Comparative summary of default and optimized hyperparameter configurations.

From: An evaluation of maximizing production and usage of biofuel by machine learning and experimental approach

ML models

Default hyper-parameter

Optimised hyper-parameter

XGBoost

ne = 100,

lr = 0.1,

md = None

ne = 100,

lr = 0.05,

md = 5

AdaBoost

ne = 100,

lr = 0.1,

md = None

ne = 100,

lr = 0.1,

md = None

GBM

ne = 100,

lr = 0.1,

md = None

ne = 100,

lr = 0.05,

md = 5

CatBoost

ne = 100,

lr = 0.1,

md = None

ne = 150,

lr = 0.1,

md = 5