Table 1 Overview of IKEDS framework components. Each component is described with its primary function and key innovation. The framework integrates five core components that work together through bidirectional information flow to enable seamless knowledge orchestration between structured and generative AI approaches.

From: Construction of intelligent decision support systems through integration of retrieval-augmented generation and knowledge graphs

Component

Primary function

Key innovation

Knowledge representation layer

Domain modeling and cross-domain mapping

Multi-tier architecture with hybrid embeddings

Retrieval optimization module

Information discovery and ranking

Integration of semantic and structural search

Dynamic knowledge orchestration engine

Reasoning pathway selection

Utility-based orchestration with continuous learning

Context-aware generation component

Response generation with constraints

Knowledge-guided generation planning

Multi-level explanation synthesizer

Transparent decision justification

Hierarchical explanation synthesis

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