Table 3 Definition of the combined agents in the proposed system.

From: New flexible bidirectional converter for electric vehicle substations connecting microgrids

Number

Agent type

1

The distributed source (renewable energy source) receives information about power, voltage and current from the distributed generation sources in the AC microgrid (specialized agent)

2

The distributed source agent generates MPPT with the information it receives and passes that information to the AC microgrid resources specialized agent

3

The distributed source receives information about power, voltage and current from the distributed generation sources in the DC microgrid specialized agent

4

The distributed source agent generates MPPT with the information it receives and passes that information to the DC microgrid resources specialized agent

5

The storage unit (battery) receives information about voltage, current, power and SoC from the AC microgrid battery specialized agent

6

The battery agent performs the battery control algorithm and passes it to the battery in the AC microgrid specialized agent

7

The storage unit receives information about voltage, current, power and SoC from the battery in the DC microgrid specialized agent

8

The battery agent performs the battery control algorithm and transfers it to the battery in the DC microgrid specialized agent

9

The load agent distinguishes between critical and non-critical loads in the AC microgrid specialized agent

10

The load agent transmits information to exit non-critical loads according to the supply/demand situation of the AC microgrid specialized agent

11

The load agent distinguishes between critical and non-critical loads in the DC microgrid specialized agent

12

The load agent transmits information to exit non-critical loads according to the supply/demand situation of the DC microgrid specialized agent

13

The device agent in the AC microgrid receives information about voltage, current and power from the AC grid specialized agent

14

Grid agent converts DC microgrid voltage to AC voltage by PWM, DQ control and transmits to the grid specialized agent

15

Device agent at DC microgrid receives voltage, current and power information from DC grid specialized agent

16

Grid agent converts DC microgrid voltage to DC voltage by PWM control and transmits to DC grid specialized agent

17

Device agent at DC, AC microgrid receives voltage, current and power information from EV specialized agent

18

Grid agent converts DC microgrid bidirectional voltage to DC by PWM control to EV specialized agent

19

AC microgrid load agent requests network agent to open/close PCC Interconnection Agent

20

Grid agent informs installation agent about system mode (grid on/off) Interconnection Agent

21

AC microgrid monitoring agent informs the mode to distributed generation agent (on/off grid) Interconnection Agent

22

The AC microgrid distributed generation plant transmits the generated power to the AC grid plant Interconnection Agent

23

The grid agent informs the mode of the AC microgrid storage battery agent (grid on/off) Interconnection Agent

24

The battery unit reports the common DC bus voltage information to the AC microgrid Interconnection Agent

25

The AC microgrid load agent requests power from the distributed generation agent Interconnection Agent

26

The AC microgrid distributed power source agent provides production information to the load agent and requests load shedding when production is insufficient Interconnection Agent

27

The AC microgrid load agent requests power from the storage agent Interconnection Agent

28

The AC microgrid storage agent provides production information to the load agent and requests shedding when SoC is low Interconnection Agent

29

The DC microgrid load agent requests the network agent to open/close the PCC with the DC grid Interconnection Agent

30

Grid agent informs the installation agent about the system mode (DC grid on/off) Interconnection Agent

31

DC microgrid monitoring agent informs the mode to the distributed generation agent (on/off grid) Interconnection Agent

32

DC microgrid distributed generation plant transmits the generated power to the DC grid plant Interconnection Agent

33

Grid agent informs the mode of the DC microgrid battery storage agent (AC microgrid on/off) Interconnection Agent

34

Battery unit reports common DC bus voltage information to the DC microgrid unit Interconnection Agent

35

DC microgrid load agent requests power from the DC microgrid distributed generation agent Interconnection Agent

36

DC microgrid distributed power source agent provides production information to the load agent and requests load shedding when production is insufficient at the DC grid Interconnection Agent

37

DC microgrid load agent requests power from the storage agent Interconnection Agent

38

The DC grid storage agent provides production information to the load agent and requests a removal when the SoC is low Interconnection Agent

39

The agent provides surplus and shortage energy information for DC and EV microgrids Interconnection Agent

40

The battery agent performs the battery control algorithm and transfers it to the batteries at the DC and EV microgrids Interconnection Agent

41

The agent provides surplus and shortage energy information for the AC and EV microgrids Interconnection Agent

42

The battery agent performs the battery control algorithm and transfers it to the batteries at the AC and EV microgrids Interconnection Agent

43

The agent provides surplus energy information from the AC microgrid to the DC microgrid Interconnection Agent

44

The agent provides insufficient energy information from the AC microgrid to the DC microgrid Interconnection Agent