Table 1 Parameter Settings for StMA Algorithm and Experimental Configurations.

From: A sterna migration algorithm-based efficient bionic engineering optimization algorithm

Parameter Category

Parameter

Value/Setting

Description

Algorithm Control Parameters

Leader ratio (NL)

0.2 × Npop

Number of leader individuals

Stagnation threshold

1e-8

Early stopping trigger threshold

Stagnation window

20

Stagnation detection window size

Diversity threshold (θ)

1e-4

Diversity maintenance trigger threshold

Initial perturbation scale (η₀)

0.2

Initial perturbation parameter

Perturbation decay rate (λ)

0.01

Perturbation intensity decay coefficient

Sigmoid slope (k_sigmoid)

10

Spatial compression factor control

Perturbation ratio (p_perturb)

0.2

Proportion of perturbed individuals

Coupling coefficient (α)

0.2

Regulates perturbation-diversity coupling weight