Table 2 Model complexity and computational cost.

From: Trustworthy pneumonia detection in chest X-ray imaging through attention-guided deep learning

Metric

Value

Comment

Total parameters

8,631,042

Number of learnable weights in the entire neural network; indicates model size and expressive power

Estimated MACs (THOP)

4433.96 M

Multiply-Accumulate Operations (in millions) per forward pass, as measured by the THOP library

FLOPs (ptflops)

4.48 G

Floating-Point Operations per inference (in billions), estimated via ptflops for standardized comparison

Parameters (ptflops)

8.63 M

Model parameter count as independently estimated by ptflops; serves as a consistency check

Approx GPU memory usage

3760.00 MB

Approximate graphics memory required for model training/inference; critical for hardware deployment

Avg training time per epoch (1 sample)

0.0902 s

Time required to train on a single sample for one epoch—lower values indicate higher training speed

Approx energy consumption (1 epoch, 1 sample)

0.0038 Wh

Estimated electric energy consumed, useful for assessing energy efficiency and environmental impact